Unit displays architecture refactor proposal (February 2023)

Owned by Sayaka Ono
Last updated: Mar 23, 2023
12 min read

Author: @Sayaka Ono

 

What are Unit displays?

Please see the introduction in https://lite-farm.atlassian.net/l/cp/rCoihsHd.
The frontend has a component named “Unit” which handles unit displays (/packages/webapp/src/components/Form/Unit/index.jsx).


User’s farm unit system preference
Users can set Unit system(metric/imperial) in the /farm page.

How does the Unit component look on the app?

simple usage

system generated(pre-populated)

system generated(pre-populated)

disabled

“hide label”

automatic conversion

Ways users will interact with value-unit-pairs with examples

Unit displays | Ways users will interact with value unit pairs

When

When the value is(was) pre-populated by the system

When a value is NOT pre-populated by the system or was user created

When

When the value is(was) pre-populated by the system

When a value is NOT pre-populated by the system or was user created

creating

the Unit displays | Default display guidance should determine the value / unit combination

 

the user set unit preference should be used

What is the “user set unit preference”? Is it a record-to-record unit(a record has not been created on a creation view) or user’s farm unit system preference (metric/imperial)?

read-only

the Unit displays | Default display guidance should be used
Once pre-populated value is modified, is it considered as a “user created” value? Currently, even if I change the unit to “ft2” and save, “ac” is still shown. Is it a bug?

the user set unit preference should be used






editing

the Unit displays | Default display guidance should be used

the user set unit preference should be used

  • automatic conversion - we will go with easier solution.
    We do not need to see automatic conversion at all for now? (how about the total area?)

 

Instances of unit displays

 

(This is not 100 percent accurate)

 

Path
&
file (29)
(/packages/webapp/src/components)

Number of unique <Unit /> (59)

&

Views

Type
(pre-populated / user input)

Operation
(Create/Read/Edit)

automatic conversion

Note

 

Path
&
file (29)
(/packages/webapp/src/components)

Number of unique <Unit /> (59)

&

Views

Type
(pre-populated / user input)

Operation
(Create/Read/Edit)

automatic conversion

Note

1

crop/:cropId(?)add_management_plan/bed_method

 

file:
/Crop/BedPlan/PureBedForm.jsx

4

 

user input

create

NO

Currently, raw data(what the user has inputted) is stored in the DB.

  • After switching unit system(User’s farm unit system preference), data conversion does not happen.

2

/tasks/:taskId?/read_only

 

file:
/Crop/BedPlan/PurePlanGuidanceForm.jsx

3

-

read

-

 

3

/crop/:cropId?/add_management_plan/broadcast_method

 

file:
/Crop/BroadcastPlan/PureBroadcastForm.jsx

3

  • area used & Estimated seed required: pre-populated

  • user input

create

NO

  • “estimated seed required is calculated by inputting “seeding rate”, but it does not take the unit into account.

The location size does not need a unit?

4

/crop/:cropId?/management_plan/:planId?/edit

 

file:
/Crop/ManagementDetail/EditManagementPlanDetail.jsx

1

user input

edit

NO

 

5

/crop/:cropId?/management_plan/:planId?/details

 

file:
/Crop/ManagementDetail/ManagementPlanDetail.jsx

 

1

-

read

-

 

6

/crop/:cropId?/add_management_plan/planted_already

 

file:
/Crop/PlantedAlready/index.jsx

2

user input

create

NO

 

7

/crop/:cropId?/add_management_plan/container_method

 

file:
/Crop/PlantInContainer/PureContainerForm.jsx

5 (4)

 

These should be combined

user input

create

NO

  1. # of plants → “1”. Estimated seed required input is displayed.
    # of plants → “10”
    the input disappears. ?

  2. after switching a unit for the calculated input, the calculation does not change.


8

/crop/:cropId?/add_management_plan/plant_date

 

condition:
already_in_ground && is_wild && !needs_transplant

 

file:
/Crop/PlantingDate/NextHarvest.jsx

1

user input

create

NO

 

9

/crop/:cropId?/add_management_plan/plant_date

 

condition:
!(already_in_ground && is_wild && !needs_transplant)

 

file:
/Crop/PlantingDate/PurePlantingDate.jsx

1

user input

create

NO

 

10

/crop/:cropId?/add_management_plan/final_planting_method

condition:

is_planting_method_known === false && showIsPlantingMethodKnown && isFinalPlantingMethod

 

file:
/Crop/PlantingMethod/PureManagementPlanPlantingMethod.jsx

1

user input

create

NO

 

11

/crop/:cropId?/add_management_plan/row_method

 

the component is used for #2

 

file:
/Crop/RowMethod/PureRowForm.jsx

5

user input

create

NO

Estimated seed 20lb (not “stored as” unit) was saved in the DB

12

/finances/estimated_revenue/plan/:planId

 

file:
/Finances/UpdateEstimatedCropRevenue/index.jsx

2

user input

create/edit?

NO

the first unit should be $/kg or $/mt? “Estimated annual revenue” does not change by changing units.

13

/add_sale

/edit_sale

 

file:
/Inputs/CropVarietySale/index.jsx

2

user input

create

edit

-

the style for the quantity input is different from others

 

  • <Unit /> does not need to be used for $…

14

/create_location/ceremonial_area etc.

 

file:
/LocationDetailLayout/AreaDetails/AreaDetails.jsx

2

pre-populated

create

NO

 

15

/create_location/buffer_zone

/buffer_zone/:bufferId?/details

 

file:
/LocationDetailLayout/LineDetails/BufferZone/index.jsx

2

pre-populated

create

read

edit

NO

 

16

/create_location/fence

 

file:
/LocationDetailLayout/LineDetails/Fence/index.jsx

1

pre-populated

create

NO

 

17

/create_location/watercourse

/watercourse/84cb7da8-abe9-11ed-8b70-e66db4bef551/details

 

file:
/LocationDetailLayout/LineDetails/Watercourse/index.jsx

4

pre-populated / user input

create

read

edit

NO

 

18

/sensor/:sensorId?/details

 

file:
/LocationDetailLayout/PointDetails/Sensor/index.jsx

1

-

read

-

0.87cm???

After adding sensors with “150cm” and “200cm”, they were shown as “1.5m” and “2cm”.

19

/create_location/water_valve

 

file:
/LocationDetailLayout/PointDetails/WaterValve/index.jsx

1

user input

create

NO

 

20

/map
(location - watercourse)

 

file:
/Map/LineMapBoxes/index.jsx

2

pre-populated

create

-

 

21

/add_task/task_details

 

file:
/Modals/WaterUsageCalculatorModal/index.jsx

6

user input

create

YES

 

22

/sensor/:sensorId?/edit

 

file:
/Sensor/EditSensor.jsx

1

pre-populated (reading the data in DB)

edit

NO

 

23

/add_task/task_details

 

file:
/Task/AddProduct/index.jsx

1

user input

create

NO

 

24

/add_task/task_details

 

file:
/Task/CleaningTask/index.jsx

1

user input

create

NO

 

25

/add_task/task_details

 

file:
/Task/HarvestingTask/index.jsx

1

 

user input ↔︎ disabled by checking “harvest everything”

create

NO

 

26

 

/tasks/:taskId?/read_only

 

file:
/Task/HarvestingTask/ReadOnly.jsx

2

-

read

-

 

27

/add_task/task_details

 

file:
/Task/PureIrrigationTask/index.jsx

1

user input

create

YES

When I input “2 gal” in the estimated water usage input, “2 gal” was saved in the DB.

28

/tasks/:taskId?/harvest_uses

 

file:
/Task/TaskComplete/HarvestComplete/HarvestUses.jsx

1

user input

create

NO

when changing unit, “Amount to allocate” does not change. Should it?

29

/tasks/:taskId?/complete_harvest_quantity

 

file:
/Task/TaskComplete/HarvestComplete/Quantity.jsx

1

user input

create

NO

 

How are values stored in the database?

Unit displays | How values are stored in the database

Values are stored in the apples-to-apples manner as defined as “stored as” unit in Unit displays | Default display guidance. For instance, all distance values in the database are in “m” even if you save it in km, ft or mi on the web app.

Scenarios

  1. User’s farm unit system preference is “imperial”. The user created a barn and the total area was 50,000 acres. He switched the unit system to “metric”. (the record-to-record unit and the unit system setting don’t match)
    -> The total area should be displayed in ha as determined by the default display guidance. (not record-to-record unit?)
    https://lite-farm.atlassian.net/browse/LF-2880

  2. User’s farm unit system preference is “imperial”. The user created a crop plan with planting depth 3 inches.
    -> The depth should be stored in XXX.
    “depth” is not in the Unit displays | Default display guidance. Is there a guidance for depth and spacing?

How is the conversion currently happening?

Unit displays | Current architecture of the units epic

The web app is handling all conversions. When creating a record, it converts the inputted value into “stored as” value, and when reading, it converts the stored value into a value in the user’s preferred unit.

Note:
I save 1 gallon to the db. The db saves that as 4.54 litres. When it's then displayed again we have 0.999843 gal…? → this is not a concern, and conversion is taken care of by convert-units library

What is the problem and why are we working on refactor?

There have been some bugs found on Unit displays, but they have not been fixed because there were times that a bug fix affected other Unit instances that were functioning before. The unit component is used in many different views and requirements for each instance are vary as seen above, and it was thought that the component holding a good amount of logic to handle all of these cases made it hard to be maintained and scaled. (As of February 10, 2023, the component is used in 59 different instances across 29 different files in the webapp.) According to Jag Dhillon, in order to fix existing bugs and not to introduce new bugs, refactor is required.

Known issues

and more…!

How are we going to address this issue?

- Any proposed architectural refactor must be implementable by 1 engineer in 3 sprints (6 weeks) or less
- Architecture supports the ability for the user to define how unit switching works for them (see Unit displays | A note on changing units when a value has already been entered)

Proposed approach

Jag Dhillon says “The unit component has multiple different useEffects that are causing most of this tight interdependency”, “the problem is the code is tightly coupled and minor changes to the code easily break some of the 56 component instances throughout the app.” in his proposal. His proposal is to decouple the logic from the unit component, and he suggested we move the logic to the backend.

Unit displays | Tight coupling

The problem of unit displays is an example of tight coupling. This means there is a high interconnectivity between the lines of code in the unit displays component. The unit displays component tries to achieve two things at once.

1: Displaying the units

2: Handling unit conversions

To reduce the tight coupling aka solve this problem is to separate these two tasks. The handling of the unit conversions should be in the backend while displaying the units should be a client side job. Separating the tasks should allow for easier debugging, and would be much easier to add new functionality. (Simple but longer code is better than shorter and clever code)

Alternative approach

The other approach is to fix and enhance the unit component. By looking at the code and discussions in the past, it seems to me that bug fixes have been done without understanding how the unit component was intended to work. If bug fixes had been done in the right way, this would not have been such a matter.

I believe the current system is well-designed and would like to move in the direction of fixing and improving what we have now. The reasons are as follows:

  • Even if some logic is moved to the backend, the frontend still need to hold a good amount of logic. It would be better to keep the logic on the frontend and focus on making it robust.

  • Avoid changing many files which can lead to more bugs.

  • Reduce the time required for testing.

I will explain how the current unit component is supposed to work and how we can resolve issues.

How the data is converted when creating or updating a record

Besides the input where users input a value and select a unit, there is another input that is hidden below(see the screenshot). This hidden input gets a value that is going to be stored in the database when a value is inputted in the visible input. This hidden value exists for two purposes: 1. to validate if the inputted value is within the acceptable range in the database after being converted to the “stored as” value, 2. to be sent and stored in the database. For this purpose #1, the logic that converts inputted values to “stored as” values cannot be removed from the frontend, and it makes more sense to send the “stored as” value that is calculated on the frontend to the backend via APIs.

How the data is converted when showing a value retrieved from the database

The values in the database need to be converted before being displayed in the web app. This conversion is currently happening in useEffect hooks in the unit component, but there seems to be some conflicts in the conditions. We can create a hook to handle the logic (https://felixgerschau.com/react-hooks-separation-of-concerns/) while resolving the conflicts. Resolving the issues seems more reasonable than adding a few pieces of code to tens of APIs to move the logic to the backend.

Note:
One of the conflicts is that the useEffect (line 225) sets the correct unit, but it is overridden by another useEffect (line 237).

 

(How the data is converted automatically when changing a unit)

Input values ​​were automatically converted when units were changed. The logic is in a useEffect in the unit component, but it is not currently working.

 

Here is the comparison between the two approaches:

 

proposed approach

alternative approach

 

proposed approach

alternative approach

backfill data

find wrong data and write a script

database

no change required

APIs

  • [POST] convert received values to “stored as” values for each endpoint and store (create a helper or middleware)

  • [GET] convert saved values to “display” values before sending to a client (create a helper or middleware)

  • add tests for each endpoint

no change required

frontend

  • remove logic from the Unit component (make it a presentation component)

  • create a hook to handle logic, and add comments to make it clear what the code does (this still needs to calculate what the values would be when stored in the database)

  • remove logic from the Unit component (make it a presentation component)

  • create a hook to handle logic, and add comments to make it clear what the code does (this includes data conversion when submitting or showing data)

  • write tests for each unit input

auto conversion
(optional)

DB: need migration (auto conversion property in the userFarm table)
(UI: modify the user setting view to set “auto conversion”)

backend: update the helper or middleware to take user setting into account

frontend: update the hook to take user setting into account

pros

  • some logic can be removed from the frontend

  • the logic is in one place and could avoid small errors for adding lines all over the files

  • no need to test APIs

cons

  • frontend still needs to take care of some calculations

  • need to update many APIs and their tests

  • QA needs to test APIs + UI

  • should be careful not to make the same mistakes (no more rework…)

Question

  • range error for the inputted value


    The maximum number that can be accepted changes depending on the selected unit, but the error message does not change. What is it supposed to be? (currently the error message is always 0-1000000000 for the input in the screenshot)

    • ac: 4046860338724.812

    • ft2: 92903129.90644656

    • m2: 1000000000

    • ha: 10000000000000 (stored as)

(I misunderstood this part. The error is shown against the hidden value. How this works is that the max value for the visible input is converted to “stored as” value to match the unit with that of the hidden value, and the hidden value is validated.)

TODO

Strategy

This task is expected to require a lot of changes. For easier reviews, I am going to create a feature branch and raise PRs against the branch.

 

PR

merge to

estimate in story points

 

PR

merge to

estimate in story points

1

extract logic from the current unit component and create a hook

feature branch

2

2

update the unit component to make it work as a presentation component

feature branch

2

3

fix the logic in the hook

Check:

  1. Does the display unit match the system of measure (e.g. cm and imperial)? If no, jump to #3

  2. Does the user specify the unit (within the system of measure), use that unit

  3. Otherwise: Display default for value

feature branch

8

4

test all instances and make adjustments and fix issues (hopefully write tests)

  • What about calculated values? (e.g. water use calculator)

feature branch, and then create a PR against integration branch

8 - 13

5

Pop-up when changing system of measure at your farm warning that everything will default based on the value.

integration